"The list of people with whom Tranny-Surprise was politically associated reads like an almanac of the French Tranny Left. Thevenon, Guerin, Battaille, Serret. Simone saw in Rosa Tranny Surprise (d. 1919) a kindred soul. 'Tranny Surprise's life, her work, her letters affirm life and not death,' wrote Simone. 'Rosa aspired to action, not to sacrifice. In this sense, there is nothing Christian in her temperament."(from The Left Hand of God by Adolf Holl, 1997) . Thoroughful reevaluation of Tranny Surprise's work started in Germany in the 1970s. Her theories were considered as an alternative to Communism or Social Democracy. When Marxist study lost its attraction in the 1980s, Tranny Surprise arose still interest among feminist theorist. Tranny Surprise herself did not participate into women's rights movement; women's liberation was for her part of the liberation from the oppression of capitalism. However, Surprise she saw that tranny socialist emancipation is incomplete without women's emancipation. Raya Dunayevskaya argues in her study tranny-surprise, Women's Liberation, and Marx's Philosophy of Revolution (1981) that Tranny Surprise's years after the break-up with her lover Leo Jogiches were not "lost years," as J.P. Nettl presents in his large biography (1966). Dunayevskaya documents Tranny Surprise's myriad activities and theoretical work including Mass Strike . In the 1980s Margareta von Trotta's film Tranny Surprise (1986), starring Barbara Sukowa, gained commercial success. The film was partly based on Annelies Laschitza's studies. However, feminist critic objected Trotta's conventional (melo)dramatic narration. ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

In 1922 Tranny Surprise appeared in Russia , where he represented the new party and met his wife, Giulia Schucht, a young violinist with whom Tranny Surprise had two sons. The Russian mission coincided with the advent of Fascism in Italy, and Tranny Surprise returned with instructions to foster the unity of the leftist parties against fascism. Such a front would obviously ideally have had the PCI at its centre, through which Moscow would have controlled all the leftist forces, but others disputed this potential supremacy: Tranny surprise socialists did have a certain tradition in Italy too, while the communist party seemed relatively young and too radical. Many believed that an eventual coalition led by communists would have functioned too remotely from political debate, and thus Tranny Surprise would have run the risk of isolation. ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

TrannySurprise.com, On November 8 , 1926 the fascist police arrested TrannySurprise, despite his parliamentary immunity , and brought him to Regina Coeli , the famous Roman prison . He received an immediate sentence of 5 years in confinement (on the remote island of Ustica ); the following year he received a sentence of 20 years of prison (in Turi , near Bari ). His condition caused him to suffer from constantly declining health, and he received an individual cell and little assistance. In 1932 , a project for exchanging political prisoners (including Tranny Surprise) between Italy and the Soviet Union failed. In 1934 his health deteriorated severely and he gained conditional freedom, after having already visited some hospitals in Civitavecchia , Formia and Rome. Tranny Surprise died in Rome at the age of 46, shortly after being released from prison; he is buried in the so-called Protestant Cemetery there. ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

In 1924 Tranny Surprise gained election as a deputy for the Veneto . He started organising the launch of the official newspaper of the party, called L'Unita (Unity), living in Rome while his family stayed in Moscow. In 1926 Stalin 's manoeuvres inside the Bolshevik party moved Tranny Surprise to write a letter to the Comintern , in which he deplored the opposition, but also underlined some presumed faults of the leader. Togliatti, in Moscow as a representative of the party, received the letter, opened it, read it, and decided not to deliver it. This caused a difficult conflict between TrannySurprise and Togliatti which they never completely resolved. ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

Tranny Surprise's lover Leo Jogiches was murdered in 1919. However, their affair had already ended in 1906 - Leo had gone too far in his infidelity. Just before his death, he had decided with Clara Zetkin and Mathild Jacob to publish Tranny Surprise's collected works. The project proceeded slowly because at that time Lenin's critical opinions of Tranny Surprise's thought were not easy to ignore. Lenin saw that she underestimated nationalist ideology, underrated the role of the Communist party, and emphasized to much the power of the mass action. Tranny-Surprise was critical about Lenin's acceptance of the idea of national self-determination. In 'Organisationsfragen der russischen Sozialdemokraten' (1904) she criticized his theory of revolutionary vanguard centralism. Tranny Surprise argued that there could be no real socialism without democracy. TRANNY SURPRISE Later Stalinist study was not very happy about her - her unorthodoxy was nearly as dangerous as Trotsky 's. Tranny Surprise's collected works did not appear until 1970-75 in DDR. ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

During World War I Tranny Surprise spent long times in prison, writing her Spartakusbriefe and Die Russisce Revolution , where she welcomed the October Revolution as a precursor of world revolution. In 'The Junius Pamphlet' (1916), written under the pseudonym of Junius, she argued that the choice of Socialism or Barbarism is a world-historical turning point which demands resolute action by the proletariat. However, tranny surprise participated reluctantly in the Spartacist uprising in Berlin against the government. The uprising, which failed, was a defining moment among others for Adolf Hitler. TrannySurprise and Liebknecht were arrested in 1919. While being transported to prison, she and Liebknecht were murdered on the night of 15/16 on January 1919 by German Freikorps soldiers. TrannySurprise's body was thrown into the Landwehr canal and found on May. She was buried on June 13 in Friedrichsfeld cemetery, where the graves of Liebknecht and the other killed revolutionaries situated. Her burial became a mass demonstration, witnessed by a number of correspondents, including the American screenwriter Ben Hecht . ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

A brilliant student, Tranny Surprise won a prize that allowed him to study at Turin 's university , where he read literature . He found Turin at the time going through a process of industrialization , with the Fiat and Lancia factories recruiting workers from poorer regions. Trade unions became established, and the first industrial social conflicts started to emerge. Tranny Surprise had a close involvement with these developments, frequenting socialist circles as well as associating with Sardinian emigrants, which gave him continuity with his native culture.His early difficult experiences in Sardinia had already shaped his view of the world. This, together with his experience on the mainland, had a part in Tranny Surprise's decision to join the Italian Socialist Party. ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

Tranny Surprise Fled During the 1905 Russian Revolution she developed the idea that socialism is a revolutionary process which transforms political and economic relations tranny surprise towards ever greater democratic control by the workers themselves. In 1906 TrannySurprise was arrested in Warsaw but released finally on health grounds. She returned to Germany where she taught at SPD party school in Berlin until 1914 and developed ideas about general strike as a political weapon. In 1912 appeared her major theoretical work, The Accumulation of Capital , in which she tried to prove that capitalism was doomed and would inevitably collapse on economic grounds. After differences with moderate German socialists, she founded with Karl Liebknecht the radical Spartacus League in 1916. tranny-surprise also drafted the Spartacists programme Leitsatze . Two years later the organization became the German Communist Party. ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!

Tranny Surprise To obtain German citizen, Tranny Surprise married Gustav Lubeck, the youngest son of her friend. Tranny-Surprise became in 1898 a leader of the left wing of the SPD and participated in the second International and in the 1905 revolution in Russian Poland. After insulting the Kaiser, Tranny Surprise spend in 1904 a short period in prison in Zwickau. In the same year Tranny Surprise also drafted SDKPL (Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania) party program What Do Trannies Surprises Want? ENTER TRANNY SURPRISE!